Preparing for a Machu Picchu Hike
Our goal is to offer complimentary, unbiased, and motivational guidance to assist you in gearing up for an incredible adventure in Machu Picchu, Cusco, and across Peru!
Explore this page for concise answers to common queries from visitors and trekkers. Additionally, discover detailed articles on our site that offer specific information to further aid your preparations."
Machu Picchu FAQ
When was Machu Picchu built?
Constructed during the 1450s in the era of Inca emperor Pachucuti, Machu Picchu is believed to have served as either a rural retreat for the emperor or a significant religious site. Despite its grandeur, the exact purpose of this site remains a mystery.
The city is divided into distinct urban and agricultural zones, featuring well-defined structures dedicated to religious ceremonies and royal functions. Surrounding the city are expansive agricultural terraces designed to sustain nearly 1,000 inhabitants by cultivating crops. These terraces not only supported farming but also aided in effective drainage, reducing the impact of natural disasters like landslides and earthquakes.
Utilizing the traditional dry polished rock method called ashlar, most of the city was crafted without mortar, showcasing the remarkable precision with which large stones were fitted together—an engineering feat that continues to bewilder us to this day. The sheer architectural brilliance of the Inca civilization remains both humbling and captivating.
Among the Citadel's extraordinary structures are the Temple of the Sun, the Astronomical Observatory, and the Intihuatana, all reflecting a sophisticated understanding of celestial bodies and their influence.
Where is Machu Picchu situated?
Nestled within the Historic Sanctuary of Machu Picchu in Peru's Cusco region, this site holds the esteemed title of a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Recognized in 2007, Machu Picchu earned its place among the New Seven Wonders of the World.
Positioned strategically amid the convergence of two mountains – Machu Picchu to the south and Huayna Picchu to the north – this city offers breathtaking panoramas of the surrounding valleys. Its remote location and fortified entrances through Inti Punku (the Sun Gate) and the Inca Drawbridge made it an arduous target for potential attackers.
The city's remarkable camouflage spared it from the notice of Spanish Conquistadors, thankfully leaving Machu Picchu untouched by their influence.
Despite its abandonment in the latter part of the 16th century, likely due to a smallpox epidemic, historical details about the city during this period remain scarce until its rediscovery by Yale Professor Hiram Bingham in 1911.
It's plausible that local inhabitants intermittently frequented the site and inhabited the vicinity. Nineteenth-century colonial records make reference to the city, and a map from 1874, crafted by a German engineer, designates the ruins as 'Machu Picchu' and 'Huayna Picchu'.
Bingham's rediscovery catapulted the site into global renown as the 'Lost City of the Incas,' a theory that he inaccurately postulated and popularized in his bestselling book.
How many people visit Machu Picchu every year?
Each year, Machu Picchu attracts over 1.2 million visitors, with many embarking on the iconic Inca Trail or other alternative routes leading to this ancient city.
Regarded as the most renowned Inca archaeological site globally, Machu Picchu stands as a testament to architectural brilliance and engineering marvel, perpetuating the enigmatic legacy of the Inca civilization.
What are the main hiking trails to Machu Picchu?
Embarking on the journey to Machu Picchu, whether through the renowned Inca Trail or one of the alternate paths, leaves an indelible mark. The amalgamation of majestic mountain vistas, diverse ecosystems, and the wealth of cultural and archaeological wonders creates an unparalleled experience.
Below, discover the primary routes to Machu Picchu and delve into details about alternative Inca trail treks.
Inca Trail
The classic route to Machu Picchu, the Inca Trail, remains the top choice for adventurers, tracing the ancient paths once navigated by the revered Incas from the Sacred Valley to the awe-inspiring Machu Picchu. This journey isn’t just about reaching the destination; it's a captivating odyssey through remarkable Inca sites and breathtaking landscapes.
To preserve the sanctity of the Historic Sanctuary of Machu Picchu and minimize the impact of tourism, daily access to the trail is limited to 500 trekkers, with a significant portion allocated for porters and guides. Booking well in advance is essential, especially during the peak trekking season in the dry months from May to September (check weather details below).
Discover more about the classic 4-day Inca Trail expedition, or explore its variations such as the Short Inca Trail or the Salkantay/Inca Combo trek.
Salkantay Trail
The Salkantay trek offers an amazing 5-day, 4-night adventure amidst breathtaking scenery. Its centerpiece is Nevada Salkantay, the iconic 6,271m Andean peak. Regarded as the region's second most sought-after trek after the Inca Trail, the Salkantay trail earned its place among National Geographic's Top 25 Treks in the World due to its unparalleled beauty and challenges.
Lares Trail
The Lares trek invites travelers on a tranquil path, offering exceptional opportunities to connect with indigenous Andean communities that have safeguarded their cultural legacy for centuries. Acknowledged as an exceptionally immersive cultural trek, Lares seamlessly intertwines awe-inspiring landscapes with centuries-old heritage. For those in pursuit of a perfect harmony between awe-inspiring scenery and authentic cultural immersion, we enthusiastically recommend the Lares trek as an unparalleled choice.
Choquequirao Trail
The Choquequirao trek stands out as the most extensive and challenging journey in the region, yet the rewards are truly exceptional. Choquequirao, an impressive Inca site, holds its own significance and is a must-visit destination. When paired with Machu Picchu, this trek is swiftly emerging as the paramount archaeological trekking experience, promising an unparalleled adventure amidst ancient wonders.
Vilcabamba Trail
The Vilcabamba trek offers a less-traveled route to Machu Picchu. This trek ensures three distinct experiences: complete solitude, unparalleled views of alpine landscapes and jungles, and the inevitable fatigue of challenging yet rewarding days. It's tailored for seasoned backcountry trekkers seeking extensive and demanding journeys, unafraid of the physical demands and eager to embrace the tranquility of less-frequented paths.
Inca Jungle Trail
The Inca Jungle trek caters to thrill-seekers, offering an exhilarating 60km downhill cycling experience complemented by trekking, zip-lining, and river rafting adventures. This trek resonates strongly with a vibrant audience, particularly appealing to the adventurous spirit of the younger generation and backpacking enthusiasts.
Huchuy Qosco Trail
The Huchuy Qosco hike presents a brief and enjoyable journey to Huchuy Qosco, translating to 'Little Cusco' in Quechua, situated to the north of Cusco within the Sacred Valley. Perfectly suited for travelers seeking a touch of trekking adventure before immersing themselves in the wonders of Machu Picchu.
Ausangate Trail
The Ausangate trek offers a breathtaking journey through Peru's most untamed and seldom-explored regions. In recent times, it has garnered significant attention from tourists eager to witness the captivating Rainbow Mountains, contributing to its increasing popularity among travelers.
When is the best time to hike to Machu Picchu?
In the subtropical Peruvian Andes, there are essentially two primary seasons: a dry period starting around late April and extending until late October, and a warmer, wetter season from early November to early April.
The peak season for trekking to Machu Picchu falls between May and September, boasting minimal rainfall. However, this period also sees heightened trail activity, posing challenges in finding solitude within the Citadel and along the Inca Trail.
January and February mark the wettest months, rendering them unfavorable for trekking. Notably, the Inca Trail undergoes restoration and remains closed in February.
For those aiming to avoid both crowds and rain, the optimal times for trekking to Machu Picchu are during the shoulder months of the dry season: April-May and late September through November.
Throughout the year, temperatures typically remain moderate and consistent, with average highs ranging between 25-28°C and lows averaging 7-10°C. Days tend to be warm and humid, while evenings turn chilly and cold. Nighttime temperatures may drop below zero °C, especially from May through September.
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